CNC (Computer Numerical Control) lathes are highly automated machine tools that use computer programs to control precise machining processes. Milling cutters, as crucial cutting tools in these machines, play a vital role in the machining of metals, wood, plastics, and other materials. This article will introduce the types, characteristics, and applications of milling cutters used in CNC lathes.
Video Link:https://youtu.be/N8j5jz2TWAs
Types of Milling Cutters
Face Milling Cutters:
Features: Used for machining flat surfaces on workpieces, featuring multiple cutting edges for high cutting efficiency.
Applications: Widely used in large-area surface machining, such as mold making and mechanical part manufacturing.
End Milling Cutters:
Features: Cutting edges are located on the circumference and end face of the tool, suitable for side and end milling.
Applications: Commonly used for machining slots, steps, and profiles, such as in machine parts and molds.
Slot Milling Cutters:
Features: Designed specifically for slotting, offering precision in creating grooves.
Applications: Ideal for machining keyways, slots, and other linear features in workpieces.
Ball Nose Milling Cutters:
Features: The end of the tool is hemispherical, making it suitable for three-dimensional surface machining.
Applications: Widely used in mold making and aerospace parts machining, capable of producing complex surfaces and curves.
Cylindrical Milling Cutters:
Features: Primarily used for machining large flat surfaces, with cutting edges located on the circumference.
Applications: Suitable for precision milling of large-area surfaces, such as in the manufacturing of large mechanical parts.
Materials of Milling Cutters
High-Speed Steel (HSS) Milling Cutters:
Features: Good toughness and impact resistance, suitable for general material machining.
Applications: Commonly used for low-speed cutting and small-batch production.
Carbide Milling Cutters:
Features: High hardness and wear resistance, suitable for high-speed machining of hard materials.
Applications: Widely used in metalworking and mass production.
Ceramic Milling Cutters:
Features: Excellent high-temperature performance, suitable for high-temperature and high-speed cutting.
Applications: Ideal for machining hard-to-machine materials and high-temperature alloys.
Coated Milling Cutters:
Features: Coated with wear-resistant layers on the base material, improving tool life and performance.
Applications: Widely used for precision machining of various materials.
Selection and Application of Milling Cutters
A.Choosing the Right Milling Cutter:
Select the appropriate type and material of milling cutter based on the workpiece material, machining requirements, and conditions. For example, choose carbide milling cutters for machining hard metals and ball nose cutters for complex surfaces.
B.Setting Appropriate Cutting Parameters:
Set the proper cutting speed, feed rate, and depth of cut based on the cutter material and workpiece material. Proper parameter settings can improve machining efficiency and surface quality.
C.Correct Installation and Adjustment:
Ensure that the milling cutter is securely installed and make necessary adjustments to achieve optimal machining results. Improper installation can lead to vibrations and machining errors.
D.Regular Inspection and Maintenance:
Regularly inspect the wear condition of the milling cutters and replace or regrind the tools as needed to maintain their sharpness and precision. Proper maintenance can extend the life of the cutters.
E.Using Proper Cooling and Lubrication:
Use coolant and lubricants during the milling process to reduce cutting heat, improve machining quality, and extend tool life.
Milling cutter is a kind of rotary cutting tool for milling, which is widely used in the processing of metal, wood and other materials. Milling cutter consists of cutter body and several cutting edges. Through the cooperation of rotary motion and feed motion, material is removed and the required shape and size are realized.
Milling cutter is an indispensable tool in modern manufacturing industry, which has a wide range of types and applications. Reasonable use and maintenance of milling cutter is an important link to ensure machining quality and efficiency.